Some possible Revision Notes for the chapter "Ecosystems " in Class 12 Biology are:
1. Ecosystem: An ecosystem is a community of living organisms, as well as the non-living components of their environment, that interact with one another.
2. Abiotic factors: Abiotic factors are non-living components of an ecosystem, such as temperature, water, soil, and sunlight.
3. Biotic factors: Biotic factors are living components of an ecosystem, such as plants, animals, and microorganisms.
4. Biomass: Biomass is the total mass of living organisms present in an ecosystem at a given time.
5. Trophic levels: Trophic levels refer to the levels of a food chain or food web, including primary producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, and tertiary consumers.
6. Food chain: A food chain is a linear representation of the flow of energy through an ecosystem, from primary producers to apex predators.
7. Food web: A food web is a complex network of interconnected food chains that represent the flow of energy and matter through an ecosystem.
8. Energy flow: Energy flows through ecosystems from primary producers to consumers and eventually to decomposers, and is lost as heat at each trophic level.
9. Nutrient cycling: Nutrient cycling refers to the movement of nutrients through the different components of an ecosystem, including biotic and abiotic factors.
10. Biogeochemical cycles: Biogeochemical cycles refer to the cycles of elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus between biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem.
11. Ecological succession: Ecological succession is the gradual process by which an ecosystem changes over time, as one set of species is replaced by another.
12. Primary and secondary succession: Primary succession occurs in an area that has no existing vegetation, while secondary succession occurs in an area that has been disturbed but retains its soil and some vegetation.
13. Biomes: Biomes are large regions of the world with similar climate, vegetation, and animal life, such as deserts, forests, and grasslands.
14. Human impacts on ecosystems: Human activities such as deforestation, pollution, and climate change can have significant impacts on ecosystems and their ability to maintain the services we rely on.
More Chapters:-
Revision Notes for Biodiversity and Conservation
Revision Notes for Environmental Issues
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