Some possible Revision Notes for the chapter "Electrostatics Potential and Capacitance" in Class 12 Physics are:
1. Electric potential is the amount of work required per unit charge to move a charge from infinity to a point in an electric field.
2. Potential is a scalar quantity and its unit is Volt (V).
3. Potential difference is the difference in potential between two points in an electric field.
4. The potential difference between two points is the amount of work required to move a unit charge from one point to another.
5. Electric potential due to a point charge is given by V=kQ/r, where Q is the charge, r is the distance from the point charge and k is the Coulomb constant.
6. Electric potential due to a system of charges is the sum of potentials due to individual charges.
7. The potential due to a dipole is V= k (p/r^2) cosθ, where p is the dipole moment, k is the Coulomb constant, r is the distance from the dipole, and θ is the angle between the dipole axis and the direction of the point from the dipole.
8. An equipotential surface is a surface on which all points have the same potential.
9. Equipotential surfaces are always perpendicular to electric field lines.
10. The electric field is the negative gradient of the electric potential.
11. Electric field due to a dipole is given by E= (1/4πε_0)(2p/r^3), where p is the dipole moment.
12. Capacitance is the ability of a system to hold electric charge.
13. Capacitance is directly proportional to the amount of charge it can store and inversely proportional to the potential difference across it.
14. The unit of capacitance is Farad (F).
15. Capacitance of a system is given by C= Q/V, where Q is the charge stored in the system and V is the potential difference across it.
16. Capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor is given by C= εA/d, where ε is the permittivity of the medium between the plates, A is the area of each plate, and d is the distance between the plates.
17. The capacitance of a spherical capacitor is given by C= 4πε_0 (ab)/(a-b), where a and b are the radii of the inner and outer spheres respectively.
18. Series combination of capacitors results in a lower equivalent capacitance.
19. Parallel combination of capacitors results in a higher equivalent capacitance.
20. Energy stored in a capacitor is given by U= (1/2)CV^2, where C is the capacitance and V is the potential difference across the capacitor.
21. Dielectric materials increase capacitance by decreasing the electric field between the plates.
22. Dielectric constant is the ratio of the capacitance of a capacitor with dielectric to the capacitance of the same capacitor without dielectric.
23. Electric displacement is the electric field produced by a system of charges per unit charge.
24. The equation for electric displacement is D = ε_0 E + P, where E is the electric field, P is the polarization of the material, and ε_0 is the permittivity of free space.
25. Gauss's law in dielectrics is given by Φ_E= Q_in/ε_0, where Q_in is the charge enclosed by a Gaussian surface.
26. Polarization is the separation of electric charge in a material due to the application of an external electric field.
27. The polarization vector is given by P = Nq * p, where N is the number of atoms per unit volume, q is the electric charge, and p is the dipole moment.
28. Electric susceptibility is the measure of how easily a material can be polarized by an external electric field.
29. The electric field in a dielectric is reduced by a factor of (1/κ), where κ is the dielectric constant.
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