Some possible Revision Notes for the chapter " Biotechnology: Principles and Processes" in Class 12 Biology are:
1. Genetic Engineering: Genetic engineering involves the manipulation or alteration of genetic material to create new molecules or organisms with specific traits.
2. DNA Technology: DNA technology involves the study and manipulation of DNA to create new genes, modify existing genes, or study gene expression.
3. Recombinant DNA: Recombinant DNA is created by combining DNA sequences from different sources, often through genetic engineering techniques.
4. Plasmids: Plasmids are small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria that can be used as vectors for genetic engineering.
5. Restriction Endonucleases: Restriction endonucleases are enzymes that cut DNA at specific sequences, allowing scientists to manipulate DNA for genetic engineering.
6. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR): PCR is a technique used to amplify small amounts of DNA for genetic analysis or manipulation.
7. DNA Sequencing: DNA sequencing allows scientists to determine the exact sequence of nucleotides in a DNA molecule, which can be used to study genetic variation and gene expression.
8. Transgenic Organisms: Transgenic organisms contain genes from other species that have been inserted through genetic engineering techniques.
9. Gene Therapy: Gene therapy involves the introduction of healthy genes into a person's cells to treat or prevent genetic disorders.
10. Cloning: Cloning involves the creation of a genetically identical copy of an organism through asexual reproduction.
11. DNA Fingerprinting: DNA fingerprinting involves the analysis of an individual's DNA to identify unique genetic markers and determine genetic relationships.
12. Genome Editing: Genome editing involves the precise manipulation of specific genes within an organism's genome, often using the CRISPR-Cas9 system.
More Chapters:-
Revision Notes for Biotechnology and its Applications
Revision Notes for Organisms and Populations
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